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Sugar Maple, Red Maple, and Silver Maple
Acer saccharum Marshall, Acer rubrum L., Acer saccharinum L.
Aceraceae
Image
Beautiful Red Maple foliage in the autumn, Photo credit: Bat Cave Botanicals 2022

Names and Their Meanings

Sugar Maple - Acer saccharum
Kanienʼkéha
wáhta’, ohwáhta
Anishinaabemowin
ininaatik, ininaatig (-oog, plural)
French
érable à sucre
Red Maple - Acer rubrum
Kanienʼkéha
ka’takén:ra
Anishinaabemowin
zhiigmewanzh, zhiishiigimiiwanzh (-iik, plural)
French
érable rouge
Silver Maple - Acer saccharinum
Kanienʼkéha
kahnekanón:wes
Anishinaabemowin
zhoonyaawaabik ininaatik
French
érable argenté
Augustus Yellow with a carved paddle used for stirring or lifting cornbread, soup, or sap, likely carved from Maple wood, Six Nations of the Grand River, Photo credit: F. W. Waugh 1912
Jocelyn Carter’s niece stirring Maple syrup with a carved paddle, Saugeen Homelands, Photo credit: Jocelyn Carter/ Medsin Cup 2023
Boiling sap into syrup in a garage at Six Nations of the Grand River, Photo credit: J. Dolan 2011
Sugar Maples are among the most colorful trees in the autumn, Photo credit: J. Dolan 2020
William Styres and Mrs. Johnson grinding grains with two pestles in a mortar, Six Nations of the Grand River, 1912. Pestles were often carved from Maple wood, as well as other hard woods like Oak, Hickory, Ironwood, and Ash. Photo credit: F. W. Waugh, Canadian Museum of History.
Sugar Maple pails on a farm in Akwesasne, Photo credit: J. Dolan 2024
Detail of a carved cornbread/soup paddle, likely carved from Maple wood, Six Nations of the Grand River, Photo credit: F. W. Waugh 1912
Sugar Maples can grow very old and form burls, Photo credit: J. Dolan 2023
Red Maple tree growing at Summit Bog, Photo credit: J. Dolan 2022
Red Maple samara in the springtime, Photo credit: Bat Cave Botanicals 2022
Red Maple leaf showing colors, Photo credit: Bat Cave Botanicals 2022
Red Maple flowers in the springtime in Guelph, Photo credit: J. Amyotte, 2022
Beautiful Red Maple foliage in the autumn, Photo credit: Bat Cave Botanicals 2022
Silver Maple leaves, Photo credit: Y. Z. Ni 2022
Silver Maple herbarium specimen collected by Y. Z. Ni, D. Botcherby, and J. Amyotte 2022

Sugar Maple

Description

Maples are a cultural keystone species for Haudenoaunee and Anishinaabe peoples. They are considered the “leader of the trees,” because they are the first to awake when their sap begins to run in the wintertime. Maple sap as a tonic, and maple sugar and syrup as a sweetener, all figure prominently in Haudenosaunee and Anishinaabe stories. The processes of gathering and boiling sap in the late wintertime provides fellowship and company during a time of year when people may otherwise be more isolated. “Hard” maples are Red and Sugar Maples, and they provide materials for carving corn bread and corn soup spoons, as they can rest in liquids for long periods of time without cracking; they are also timber for housing and other structures. Silver maple is a soft maple that can be used to make a dye.

Conservation Status

S5 (Secure) in Ontario and New York

Red Maple

Conservation Status

S5 (Secure) in Ontario and New York

Silver Maple

Conservation Status

 In Ontario and New York S5 (Secure); in Québec S3 (Vulnerable)